Effects Of Overseas Employees On Social Development Of Their Left Behind In District Jhang

Abstract

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the socio-economic impact of labor exports on families in the Tehsil JHANG (urban, semi-urban and villages) district of Punjab, Pakistan. For this purpose, a total of 150 respondents (families of foreign workers, household heads and children of foreign workers respectively) from the target population area almost 10,000 population were randomly selected 06 union councils out of 44. 20 selected villages and urban areas in selected Tehsil were interviewed. Several important conclusions were drawn from this study, including the causal factors of emigration, patterns of immigration, foreign income, patterns of utilization, and socio-economic impacts on left behind families. Data were collected using structured interview questionnaires containing both open-en[1]ded and closed-ended questions. For immigration impact assessments, data on pre- and post-migration conditions, including income, housing, household expenses, movable and immovable property, jewelry and household appliances. Data analysis reveals that overseas migrants contribute to the region's prosperity. Labor migration abroad has improved in terms of education, housing conditions, annual income, cost of living, vehicles, access to health services, and higher status/reputation in society. The study also points out that working abroad, combined with loneliness and the burden of responsibility, has led to women's empowerment. The Patriarch's activities abroad in had the following disadvantages for the children left behind. The income of working abroad has transformed entire cultures and societies. It is recommended to promote work abroad. The government should establish vocational training centers so that educated and qualified people can go abroad and get higher wages than unskilled worker.