Migration And Architectural Transformation In Alexandria, Egypt

Abstract

Alexandria's history as a cultural crossroads, from its founding by Alexander the Great through Ptolemaic, Roman, Byzantine, and Arab rule, has shaped its unique urban and architectural character. However, recent local migration from rural areas has strained the city's infrastructure, leading to deterioration in its urban planning and a loss of its distinct architectural identity in both the old city and new extensions. This research investigates the impact of urban development on Alexandria's architectural identity by comparing the city's architectural evolution during the reign of Muhammad Ali Pasha (19th century and first half of the 20th century) with its current state. It aims to identify key changes and propose recommendations for preserving Alexandria's unique architectural character. Field visits and data collection were employed to analyze the architectural styles of Fouad Street buildings. This street was chosen for its rich history and the architectural transformation of its buildings has undergone. The research emphasizes the importance of developing regulations to integrate new construction with existing buildings while preserving historically significant structures. It also promotes regular maintenance by specialists to ensure a harmonious architectural character that respects Alexandria's diverse historical eras.