Prevalence Of Chronic Medical Conditions Among Healthcare Workers In KSA: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Chronic illnesses are often associated with non-communicable diseases, which are defined by their non-infectious causes. Chronic illnesses, sometimes known as silent pandemics, account for the vast majority of fatalities and disabilities worldwide.

Aim: This systematic review aims to explore the prevalence of chronic medical conditions among healthcare workers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Methods: Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, electronic searches were conducted in databases like PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science using MeSH terms and relevant keywords. Studies reporting chronic medical conditions prevalence among KSA healthcare workers of any design were included, while reviews, editorials, and commentaries were excluded. Two reviewers independently screened studies for eligibility, with disagreements resolved through discussion. Data extraction captured study char[1]acteristics, participant demographics, and prevalence data. Descriptive statistics summarized the data, and meta-analysis was considered for pooled prevalence rates, supplemented by a narrative synthesis.

Results: From an initial 346 studies, 21 full-text articles were reviewed, with three studies meeting inclusion criteria. Most studies focused on chronic medical conditions prevalence in the general population. Among eligible studies, one examined obesity and comorbidity among healthcare workers, finding varying prevalence rates based on weight categories. Another study reported chronic conditions, including heartburn, irritable bowel syndrome, anemia, fatigue, and hypertension among healthcare administrators. In a cross-sectional study, primary healthcare clinic participants exhibited notable rates of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, asthma, and diabetes, alongside high levels of perceived stress. The pooled prevalence of chronic conditions among healthcare professionals was analyzed, highlighting the significant burden.

Conclusion: This review underscores the scarcity of research on chronic medical conditions among KSA healthcare workers. Findings reveal substantial prevalence rates, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions and wellness promotion programs to mitigate the impact of these conditions on healthcare professionals' well-being. Further research is warranted to comprehensively understand and address this issue.