The Prevalence Of Obesity, Overweight, And Associated Factors Among Healthcare Professionals

Abstract

Background: Obesity and overweight are multifactorial conditions that are widespread in developing and developed countries. They refer to an excessive or abnormal accumulation of fat in the body that can cause impairment of health and that can be measured on a scale of high body mass index (BMI). They are emerging as a significant public health concern among healthcare professionals (HCPs). The study aims to estimate the prevalence of obesity and overweight and their associated factors among HCPs. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to recruit 1,850 HCPs aged 22 years and older. Interviews were carried out to collect socio-demographic information, nutritional information and physical activity. Anthropometric measurements [height, weight, and waist circumference] were conducted with the HCPs. The body mass index was computed to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Chi-square, t-test, and one-way ANOVA were used to compare the variables, and logistic regression was used to examine the associated factors of obesity and overweight. Results: The combined prevalence of obesity and overweight among HCPs was 65%. The result of logistic regression showed the risk of being obesity and overweight increased within the age group of 40–49 years (OR = 3.20; 95% CI: 2.37– 4.32; P < 0.001). Male participants had more risk of obesity than female participants (OR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.45–2.15). Married participants had a significantly higher risk of being overweight and obese (OR = 2.52; 95% CI: 2.05–3.28; P = 0.001). In addition, hypertension (OR = 2.49; 95% CI: 1.65–3.78; P < 0.001) and type 2 diabetes (OR = 2.42; 95% CI: 1.21–4.85; P= 0.012) were associated with overweight and obesity. Finally, a family history of NCDs was associated with overweight and obesity (OR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.38–2.07; P < 0.001). Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of obesity and overweight among HCPs. Age, marital status, hypertension, type II diabetes, and eating habits were associated with the prevalence of obesity and overweight compared to other variables that were not asso[1]ciated with obesity and overweight such as profession, vegetables, fruit consumption, and physical activity. Urgent action is needed to tackle obesity and overweight among HCPs.