A Historical Analysis Of The Defense Strategies Of The Ahom Kingdom During The Medieval Period In Assam

Abstract

In medieval Assam, the Ahom dynasty demonstrated a notably strong defense strategy. The Swargadeos (the Ahom kings) implemented effective defensive measures to safeguard the kingdom from external invasions. Since the establishment of Ahom rule in the Brahmaputra Valley, the kingdom has faced numerous external threats from  neighbouring tribes and other formidable powers. To counter these threats and potentially expand the kingdom, the Ahom kings took strategic steps to strengthen the defense department. Their defense system was uniquely organized, featuring the construction of forts, ramparts and stockades to hinder the enemy; the excavation of deep canals around these forts; well-organized troops; deployment of spies to monitor enemy movements; and the utilization of guerrilla warfare tactics. Moreover, the distinctive geographic location of the state prompted the Ahom kings to adopt specific measures for defense. The mighty Brahmaputra and other waterways created a favourable environment for naval warfare. As a result, Ahom soldiers developed skillful navigation, forming an impenetrable army. This paper attempts to study the defense strategies of Ahom dynasty during the medieval period in Assam.