The Level of Psychological Hardiness Among Volleyball and Swimming Players in Jordan: A Comparative Study

Abstract

This study aimed at identifying the level of the psychological hardiness among the volleyball and swimming players in Jordan. It also aimed at identifying the effect of the (type of game) variable on the psychological hardiness among the players. The researchers applied the descriptive method in its survey form, as the sample consisted of all the male and female players of the first division volleyball clubs (n=126), and male and female swimming players (n=18) who are enrolled in the 2022/2023 sports season. The researchers constructed a questionnaire to measure psychological hardiness, which consisted of three domains (Challenge, commitment, and control), and was distributed over 15 items. The data processing was carried out using the means, standard deviations, analysis of variance and Cronbach Alfa.

The results showed that the psychological hardiness level among the volleyball and swimming players was high, and that there were no statistically significant differences of the hardiness level among the volleyball and swimming players ascribed to the (type of game) variable.

In the light of the results, the researchers recommended to affirm the significance of the psychological hardiness among the volleyball and swimming players, and to hold courses and workshops to introduce the significance of the psychological hardiness among the players.