The Book (Imy-Dw3t) Written on the Walls of the Tombs of the Valley of the Kings (3, 4, and 5 o'clock as a model)

Abstract

This research deals with the subject of the views and texts of the third, fourth and fifth hours of the book  (imy-dw3t), whose writing appeared in the era of the New Kingdom (1080-1085 B.C) on the walls of the tombs of the Valley of the Kings in the city of Luxor (Thebes), and it is considered one of the lower religious funerary books Which dealt with topics related to the underworld, according to what came according to the concept of the ancient Egyptian mentality. The meaning of the concepts of the third, fourth, and fifth hours of the book (imy-dw3t), which originally contained twelve hours, is a representation of the journey of the boat of the god (Rᶜ), which is accompanied by a group of gods. He entrusted them with a set of spatial and temporal job tasks in the underworld to assist the god (Rᶜ) in completing his night journey for his exit from the underworld in the early morning in the form of the sun.

The purpose of the research is to reveal the ancient Egyptian mythology of the succession of day and night. The ancient Egyptian concept revolves around sunset and the disappearance of the sun and its reappearance in the morning (dusk). The ancient Egyptians were associated with the god (Rᶜ), and this cleared the way for identifying the features of the underworld through what was written in the book (imy-dw3t) We have provided us with many names of the lower deities and their spatial and temporal functions according to the clock system, He also touched on punishment for the deceased and its places, such as fiery pits and tools for the tormented, and the fields of the yarrow (Paradise) for the righteous (the righteous), so the book (imy-dw3t) gave this impression or concept to learn about the realization, assimilation and extent of the ancient Egyptian religious intellectual development about his knowledge of this underworld, which in turn was reflected in his life daily.