Environmental Sustainability for Urban Areas in Indonesia: Strategies, Challenges, and Future Directions

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the challenges of environmental preservation in the urban areas of Makassar through a comprehensive approach. The research focuses on analyzing the level and impact of air, water, and soil pollution, evaluating the effectiveness of waste management, and addressing the challenges of overconsumption of natural resources. It also examines the impact of urban sprawl on environmental sustainability. The study uses quantitative research methods to analyze the current situation, identify challenges, and propose data-driven strategies. Key findings include the importance of water resource efficiency, renewable energy, waste management, dense urban design, sustainable building, climate change adaptation, and social inclusiveness. The study also identifies limitations such as fast growth, limited resources, political-economic-social barriers, and lack of public awareness. Recommendations include a data-driven approach, technological innovation, socio-economic impact of sustainable initiatives, public participation, and policy analysis.