The Nature of the Turkish Military Interventions in Northern Iraq and the Resulting International Responsibility (Legal Analytical Study)

Abstract

The international community has witnessed widespread interventions in many countries, under humanitarian, political and security headlines and justifications, and these interventions have reached the point of direct invasion of countries. It is no secret to say that the large number of military interventions, whether these interventions are legitimate, change course, or illegal, represent a blatant violation of the principles contained in the Charter of the United Nations, especially what was included in its preamble, which expressed humanity's rejection of the use of force in international relations, and despite the gains achieved by countries with the issuance of a decision by United Nations General Assembly No. 3314 in 1974, which included a definition of the crime of aggression, leading to the 2010 resolution at the Kampala Conference regarding amending the definition of aggression and including it within the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court. However, this was not enough, as the stability of international peace and security was destabilized through many practices established by international action. The world witnessed its horror. Therefore, within the framework of these interventions, this presentation will focus on the Turkish military interventions in northern Iraq, which came under many pretexts, most of which are political rather than legal pretexts, such as: controlling the borders and protecting national security from Turkish The danger of armed groups present on the common border between the two countries and eliminate them completely. Despite these pretexts and arguments, The Turkish military interventions remain questionable in terms of their legitimacy and goals. Lawmen often focus on the legitimacy of the act of using military force if it is not in accordance with permissible legal standards, and they also focus on the legitimacy of the goal. Based on this, we will attempt to study the issue of adapting Turkish military interventions in light of the crime of aggression, while clarifying the extent to which Turkey can be held responsible for international civil responsibility as a result of its intervention.