Faith From the Perspective of Theologians and Philosophers: An Analytical Study

Abstract

The research indicates that scientists' pursuit of abstract knowledge leads them to acknowledge the existence of an effective, purposeful, and capable First Cause that created the universe. Through scientific investigation, it has been established that most Islamic teachings are ultimately beneficial to humanity, whether or not the wisdom behind them is fully understood. The research emphasizes that Islamic thought encourages contemplation and reflection on the Creator's intentions. Muslim researchers and scholars have ventured into various fields, including chemistry, medicine, astronomy, physics, mathematics, and various social sciences, leaving their mark as significant references in various scientific disciplines, forcing the West to acknowledge their intellect. The research distinguishes that the primary challenge of religious texts is to extract general rules and religious concepts in order to define beliefs and legal regulations that benefit humans in their lives and earn the approval of their Creator for happiness in the hereafter. The importance of the research lies in establishing ways of human knowledge acquisition, which include perception and the senses, and considering them of value in the empirical scientific field. These avenues lead to the truth, and the results of sensory perception or rational inference do not contradict Islamic principles, as they are all divinely bestowed for the benefit of humanity. The research addresses the issue of objecting to the conscience, which is concerned with the moral aspect, and argues that it is subject to error and should not be relied upon for argumentation. The research concludes that Islam is keen on preserving faith and not meddling with it under the pretext of evolution, while still benefiting from human experiences in all scientific and intellectual fields to support religion using the available means in every era.