Nutritional Management in the Therapeutic Care of the Complicated Diabetic Foot

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DM2) is a chronic, complex and progressive disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia together with alterations of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism as a result of a deficient insulin action Objective: To describe the nutritional management in the care therapeutics in the complicated diabetic foot. Methodology: Descriptive, retrospective and comparative study based on a systematic review of the different databases and research lines of free access and specialized health sciences, articles published in the different scientific platforms in English, Spanish and Portuguese, from North, Central and South American countries. Results: Clinical nutrition therapy is a key component of managing diabetes and hyperglycemia in the hospital setting. Maintaining balanced nutrition is important for glycemic control and for meeting adequate caloric demands in patients presenting with diabetic foot ulcers and UPD. Micronutrient deficiency is increasingly recognized as a factor in poorly healing patients with UPD, stating that inadequate micronutrition inhibits all levels of wound healing. Conclusions: Patient monitoring is necessary for proper follow-up and measurement of patient evolution. Nutritional assessment, through the development of a clinical-nutritional evaluation as part of wound management, could correct the nutritional status of the patient and an adequate feeding regimen according to the stage of evolution and clinical complications.