Dissolved Minerals and Salts in Groundwater of Al- Adhaim Basin Region Hydrological and Hydro Chemical Study

Abstract

Al- Adhaim Basin collects rainwater from inside Iraq, as the basin is located between the Lower Zab River, which transports regular waves of water from the Dokan Dam in the west and Al-Khasa River in the east. The main role of these two former rivers is in transporting water from outside the region to Tigris and  Al- Adhaim  rivers, respectively, as they are of great importance in providing water to the people who live near these rivers to cover their partial water needs and cover the surface runoff during the wet seasons, as Al Nafit valley collects surface water during the rainy season and flows into the basin to drain its water in southern part of the Khasa river, and the population within Al- Adhaim  Basin depends mainly on rainfall to meet their water needs, especially for agricultural purposes. Therefore, surface irrigation is difficult in most areas of Al- Adhaim basin due to its wavy topographic nature, so the residents of Al- Adhaim  Basin are accustomed to dig wells to depths, often reaches 100 m or more in search of rich layers to cover water needs.