Effects Of Football Participation On Teamwork Skills: Understanding How Parental Encouragement Mediates And Coaching Styles Moderates

Abstract

This study explores the role of parental encouragement and coaching styles in enhancing the relationship between football participation and the development of teamwork skills among university student-athletes. Using a sample of 180 student-athletes, correlation analysis revealed significant positive relationships between teamwork skills, parental encouragement (r = .456, p < .01), and sports participation (r = .255, p < .01). Mediation analysis showed that parental encouragement significantly strengthened the impact of sports participation on teamwork [1]skills (β = .109, p < .05). Furthermore, moderating analysis indicated that transformational coaching style amplified the positive effect of football participation on teamwork skills (β = .301, p < .01), compared to transactional coaching. These findings emphasize the critical role of supportive environments—both parental and coaching in maximizing the benefits of sports for young athletes. The study offers valuable insights for educators, coaches, and parents aiming to foster teamwork skills through sports.