Perceived Parental Efficacy, Social Emotional Development, Screen Time Issues, Internalizing And Externalizing Problems In Adolescents

Abstract

The Social-emotional skills, such as self-regulation, empathy, and social skills, are important for children's success in school and in life. However, many children in Pakistan may not have access to resources and support that promote social-emotional development. Internalizing problems, Externalising issues, like violence and disruptive conduct, as well as internalising issues, like anxiety and depression, can have detrimental consequences on a child's development and wellbeing (Pandya & Lodha, 2021). Addressing these issues can help improve children's mental health outcomes and improve their chances of success in life. These issues are important for promoting the healthy development of children in Pakistan. It can help children grow up to be healthy, happy, and successful adults, and can also help address broader social and economic challenges in the country (Xie, et al., 2020).

Parents are the most important person in child’s life. They influence on the overall development of the child. Parenting ability is crucial since it influences development more than any other element. Perceived parental efficacy can influence a child's social and emotional development, which is a crucial aspect of their life and personal growth (Yafie, 2018). Children who report high parental efficacy have less screen time, less social emotional issues and no negative internalising and externalizing behaviours whereas children who reported low on parental efficacy have high screen time, poor social and emotional development and negative internalizing ad externalizing behaviors.  School children upbringing requires healthy social and emotional development. Screen time issues disrupt development of children thus resulting in internalizing and externalizing problems and impacting perceived parental efficacy (Pandya & Lodha, 2021). The research aims to address the relationship between perceived parental efficacy, screen time issues, social emotional development and internalizing and externalizing problems. Positive results for both parents and children have been related to high levels of Perceived parental efficacy, including enhanced parenting techniques, improved child behaviour, and decreased parental stress. The findings of this study have implications for how to improve perceived parental efficacy and support healthy parent-child relationships and child development. Screen time leads to the experience of obesity and other health issues, engage in less physical activity, perform less academically, and engage in less healthy lifestyle choices.