Study On Different Hematological Parameters And Heavy Metals Detection In Common Redshank (Tringa Totanus) In Okara, Punjab, Pakistan

Abstract

The Common Redshank (Tringa totanus) is a wading bird found in wetlands, marshes, and coastal regions across Africa, Asia, and Europe. Research on hematological parameters aids in understanding the health status of bird species like the Common Redshank. This study focuses on evaluating blood hematology and detecting heavy metals to assess stress levels of heavy metals in these birds. The research was carried out at three different sites in the district Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. We analyzed 30 blood samples for hematology variables which[1] suggested that all parameter doses did not show significant differences between males and females except Mean platelet volume (MPV) which shows a significant difference (P=0.0001). Five heavy metals including Lead (Pb), Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni), and Zinc (Zn) were detected. The concentration of Pb is higher than other studied metals in all samples. The hematological profile can indeed be impacted by elevated Pb levels in the body because Pb impacts on morphology of RBCs and platelets. Cd was not detected in the kidney and liver and it was present in low levels in the muscle (0.02ug/g). This indicates that the environmental Cd exposure is low. Samples were taken from various wetlands, where contamination is attributed to industrial activities such as leather and textile industries. The hematological and heavy metal content of common redshanks is not documented in scientific literature, particularly in Punjab, Pakistan. As a result, this study establishes a baseline for the next investigations focused on conservation and preservation initiatives for the common redshank environment in this area.