Systematic Review Of Pressure Ulcer Prevention Strategies In Long-Term Care Facilities

Abstract

Background: Pressure ulcers (PUs) are a significant health concern in long-term care facilities, leading to increased morbidity and healthcare costs. Preventive strategies are essential for reducing PU incidence and improving resident outcomes. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of PU prevention strategies implemented in long-term care settings.

Methodology: A comprehensive search of electronic databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library, was conducted to identify relevant studies published up to 2024. Inclusion criteria encompassed original research studies eva[1]luating PU prevention interventions in long-term care facilities. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed systematically using established tools. Synthesis of findings was conducted through narrative synthesis and, where applicable, meta-analysis.

Results: A total of 20 studies were included in the review, comprising randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and observational studies. Interventions evaluated included support surfaces, repositioning protocols, computerized decision support systems, PU prevention bundles, wound care support teams, and nutritional interventions. The majority of interventions demonstrated effectiveness in reducing PU incidence and prevalence, with some variability in outcomes across studies. The education of nursing staff emerged as a common supporting structure for intervention implementation.

Conclusion: The findings of this systematic review highlight the effectiveness of various PU prevention strategies in long-term care settings. Education, technology integration, and multifaceted intervention bundles play crucial roles in improving resident outcomes and reducing healthcare costs associated with PUs. However, further research is needed to strengthen the evidence base and optimize the implementation of preventive interventions in long-term care facilities.